Chemistry - 1877

Years: 1874 1875 1876 - 1877 - 1878 1879 1880
Decades: 1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s
Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century

1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar).

Contents

1 Events

1.1 January - April
1.2 May - August
1.3 September - December
1.4 Unknown date

2 Births

3 Deaths

Events

January - April

January 1 - Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India by the Royal Titles Act , introduced by United Kingdom Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli.
January 8 - Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with the United States Cavalry (Montana)
January 20 - Ottoman Turkey rejects proposals of internal reform and Balkan provisions - Conference of Constantinople ends
March 2 - U.S. presidential election, 1876: The United States declares Rutherford B. Hayes the winner of the election even though Samuel J. Tilden had won the popular vote on November 7, 1876
March 4 - Emile Berliner invents the microphone.
March 4 - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake debuts
March 15 - The first Test cricket match, between England and Australia
March 24 - For the first and only time in history, the Boat Race between the Universities of Cambridge and Oxford is declared a "dead heat" (i.e. a draw).
April 24 - Russia declares war of Turkey

May - August

May 6 - Realizing that his people were weakened by cold and hunger, Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Sioux surrenders to United States troops in Nebraska.
May 8 - At Gilmore's Gardens in New York City, the first Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show opens (ends May 11).
May 10 - Romania declares itself independent from Turkey (recognized in 1881 after the end of the Romanian independence war).
May 16 - Romania declares war on Turkey
June 15 - Henry Ossian Flipper becomes the first African American cadet to graduate from the United States Military Academy.
June 26 - Eruption of Mount Cotopaxi in Ecuador causes severe mudflows that wipe out surrounding cities and valleys - 1000 dead
June 30 - British Mediterranean fleet is sent to Besika Bay
July 9 - All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club begins its first lawn tennis tournament at Wimbledon.
July 21 - A day after bloody rioting in Baltimore from Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers and the deaths of 9 rail workers at the hands of the Maryland militia, workers in Pittsburgh stage a sympathy strike that is met with an assault by the state militia - Pittsburgh then erupts into widespread rioting.
August 9 - Indian Wars: Battle of Big Hole - Near Big Hole River in Montana, a small band of Nez Percé Indians who refused government orders to move to a reservation, clash with the United States Army. The army lost 29 soldiers and Indians lost 89 warriors in a US Army win.
August 12 - Asaph Hall discovers Deimos, outer moon of Mars.
August 17 - Arizona blacksmith F.P. Cahill is fatally wounded by Billy the Kid. Cahill will die the next day, becoming the first person killed by the Kid.
August 18 - Asaph Hall discovers Phobos, inner moon of Mars.

September - December

September 5 - Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
October 10 - Following the recovery of Lieutenant-Colonel George Armstrong Custer's body from where he fell during the Battle of Little Big Horn the previous year, Custer is given a funeral with full military honors and is laid to rest at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York.
November 21 - Thomas Edison announces his invention of the phonograph, a machine that can record sound (this is considered to be Edison's first great invention) (Edison demonstrated the device for the first time on November 29).
December 14 - Serbia restates its previous declaration of war against Turkey

Unknown date

War between Russia and the Ottoman Empire (Russo-Turkish War), leading to the formation of Bulgaria in 1878. See Russian Foreign Affairs after the Crimean War.
Nineteenth Century magazine founded.

Births

February 17 - André Maginot, politician, Maginot Line (d. 1932)
February 19 - Gabriele Münter, painter, member of Blaue Reiter (d. 1962)
February 25 - Erich von Hornbostel, musicologist (d. 1935)
March 2 - Consuelo Vanderbilt, Duchess of Marlborough (d. 1964)
March 16 - Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (d. 1944)
March 18 - Edgar Cayce, psychic (d. 1945)
June 14 - Jane Bathori, opera singer (d. 1970)
July 2 - Hermann Hesse, writer (d. 1962)
July 6 - Arnaud Massy, champion golfer (d. 1950)
July 13 - Erik Scavenius, Danish prime minister (d. 1962)
July 17 - Ernst von Dohnanyi, Hungarian conductor (d. 1960)
August 6 - Wallace H. White, Jr., U.S. Senator from Maine (d. 1952)
August 7 - Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (d. 1949)
September 6 - Buddy Bolden, jazz musician (d. 1930)
October 4 - Razor Smith, Surrey slow bowler who took 247 wickets in 1910 (d. 1946)
October 27 - George Thompson, Northamptonshire all-rounder and mainstay in the county's earliest first-class days (d. 1943)
November 9 - Allama Iqbal, philosopher-poet (d. 1938)
November 26 - Alfred Cortot, Swiss pianist (d. 1962)
December 3 - Richard Pearse, airplane pioneer (d. 1953)
Alois Kayser, German missionary, working on Nauru (d. 1944)

Deaths

January 4 - Cornelius Vanderbilt, entrepreneur
January 21 - Diamond Bessie Moore, prostitute
August 29 - Brigham Young, Mormon leader (b. 1801)
September 2 - Constantine Kanaris - Greek politician
September 5 - Crazy Horse, chief of the Oglala Sioux
October 16 - Theodore Barrière, French dramatist
December 31 - Gustave Courbet, French painter (b. 1819)