Charles I of Bourbon (1401 – 1456) was Duke of Bourbon and Auvergne from 1434 to his death, although due to the imprisonment of his father in London, he acquired control of the duchy before this date. In 1425, Charles married Agnes de Bourgogne (1407-14760), daughter of John, Duke of Burgundy, and by her he had the following 11 children:
- John II, Duke of Bourbon(1426-1488)
- Mary of Bourbon (1428-1448), married John II, Duke of Lorraine
- Philip of Bourbon (1430-1440)
- Charles II, Cardinal and Archbishop of Lyon, Duke of Bourbon (1434-1488)
- Isabella of Bourbon (1436-1465), married Charles, Duke of Burgundy
- Peter II, Duke of Bourbon (1438-1503)
- Louis of Bourbon, Bishop of Liege (1438-k.1482)
- Margaret of Bourbon (1439-1483), married Philip II, Duke of Savoy
- Catherine of Bourbon (1440-1469), married Adolf II, Duke of Geldern
- Joanna of Bourbon (1442-1496), married John II of Chalon, Prince of Orange
- Jacques of Bourbon (1445-1468)