Ecotec is the name of a straight-4 piston engine made by General Motors since 2000. It was developed by an international team of engineers and technicians from Opel's International Technical Development Center in Rüsselsheim, Germany, GM Powertrain in Pontiac, Michigan, and Saab in Trollhättan, Sweden. GM intends for the Ecotec to become its global 4-cylinder. It is a modern chain-driven DOHC 4-valve design with an aluminum block and head. It uses aluminum pistons and cast iron cylinder liners and vibration is reduced with twin balance shafts. The Ecotec block was designed for a variety of displacements.
Family 0
A special low-displacement version of Ecotec is used on entry-level subcompact cars from Opel/Vauxhall. It features dual intake ports (hence the TwinPort name) with a choke closes one port in low RPM range, providing better air swirl pattern for higher torque levels, as well as better fuel economy. Cast-iron block, DOHC valvetrains.
- 1.0 L Straight-3 (998 cc): TwinPort, 73.4 mm (2.89 in) bore, 78.6 mm (2.94 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 60 hp (40 kW) and 65 ft.lbf (88 Nm) of torque.
- 1.2 L (1229 cc): TwinPort, 73.4 mm (2.89 in) bore, 72.6 mm (2.86 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 80 hp (59 kW) and 81 ft.lbf (110 Nm) of torque.
Family 0 engines are used in:
Family I
Updated versions of low-displacement Ecotec, featuring TwinPort technology and aluminum block.
A new version of 1.8L Family I engine, featuring Euro IV compliancy, DCVCP (Double Continuous Variable Cam Phasing technology, a variant of VVT) and ingegrated catalytic converter, will enter production Spring 2005.
- 1.4 L (1364 cc): TwinPort, 73.4 mm (2.89 in) bore, 80.6 mm (3.17 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 90 hp (66 kW) and 92 ft.lbf (125 Nm) of torque.
- 1.6 L (1598 cc): TwinPort, 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 105 hp (77 kW) and 111 ft.lbf (150 Nm) of torque.
- 1.6 L (1598 cc) (phased out): 79 mm (3.11 in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 100 hp (74 kW) and 111 ft.lbf (150 Nm) of torque.
- 1.8 L (1796 cc): 80.5 mm (3.17 in) bore, 88.2 mm (3.47 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 122 hp (90 kW) and 123 ft.lbf (167 Nm) of torque.
- 1.8 L (1796 cc): DCVCP, 80.5 mm (3.17 in) bore, 88.2 mm (3.47 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 140 hp (103 kW) and 129 ft.lbf (175 Nm) of torque.
Family I engines are used in:
Family II
The most powerful engines in the range, Family II versions feature aluminum block that is slightly different from other Ecotec families. They are used on top-level Opel/Vauxhall cars, and 2.2L engine comes as standard on many American models.
SAAB
Saab used a 2.0 L version in the Saab 9-3. It had numerous features, including special oil jets to cool the pistons, an oil cooler, and stronger pistons, connecting rods and cylinder head. The Saab engine also features electronic throttle control, as do many Ecotecs.
Opel/Vauxhal offer turbocharged version of 2.0 L(1998 cc) Ecotec in a cast-iron block; it features 86 mm (3.39 in) bore and stroke, 9.5:1 compression, 175 hp (129 kW) and 195 ft.lbf (265 Nm) of torque.
This engine is used in:
A high-end direct injection version of the 2.2 L Ecotec is an option for:
L61
The Ecotec 2.2, model L61 (or L42 for the CNG version), is a straight-4 automobile engine. Displacement is 2.2 L (2189 cc) with an 86 mm (3.38 in) bore and 94.6 mm (3.72 in) stroke. Compression is 9.5:1 or 10:1, delivering 135 hp to 143 hp (101 kW to 107 kW) and 142 ft.lbf to 152 ft.lbf (193 Nm to 206 Nm) of torque. The Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York, Kaiserslautern, Germany, and (for Saturn) in Spring Hill, Tennessee. The L61-powered Saturn ION replaced the Saturn-powered Saturn S-series.
There are a few variations to the standard L61. The new Chevrolet Malibu uses a version with electronic throttle control and a special unitized exhaust manifold and catalytic converter. The 2003 Saturn L-Series has a high output version with higher (10:1) compression and hotter camshaft. The Malibu and Saturn versions also use returnless fuel injection.
The 2.2 L Ecotec is used in the following cars:
L42
The Ecotec 2.2, model L42 is the CNG version of the Ecotec 2.2. It delivers 129 hp (96 kW) and 129 ft.lbf (175 Nm).
LSJ
The LSJ is a de-stroked (to 86 mm) version of the Ecotec with an Eaton M62 Roots-type supercharger and air-to-liquid intercooler. It is rated at 200 hp and 149 ft.lbf, but dynamometer tests have shown 20% more power in actual cars.
This engine is used in:
LE5
The LE5 is a larger 2.4 L (2384 cc) version of the Ecotec. Both the 88 mm bore and 98 mm stroke are larger, and Variable Valve Timing improves low-end torque. Power is 170 hp (127 kW) and torque is 170 ft·lbf (230 Nm).
The LE5 will be used in: