Flame retardants are materials that inhibit or resist the spread of fire. Naturally occurring substances such as asbestos as well as synthetic materials such as PBDEs and PCBs have been used in this capacity.
On the other hand, this materials can be produced out of melamine and dipentaerythriol. Herein melamine functions as a blowing agent that forms barrier to flame.
The mechanism of fire retardancy is simply inhibition of oxygen with radical formation of these organic materials, the element which burns materials. However inorganic materials behaves as capturing agents for oxygens molecules.