Calochortus
Cardiocrinum
Clintonia
Erythronium
Fritillaria
Gagea
Korolkowia
Lilium
Lloydia
Nomocharis
Notholirion
Scoliopus
Streptopus
Tricyrtis
Tulipa
The Liliaceae, or the Lily Family, is an important family of monocotyledons that includes a great number of ornamental flowers as well as several important agricultural crops; the onion has traditionally been classified here, though modern research has moved it to family Alliaceae. Plants in this family have linear leaves, mostly with parallel veins, and flower parts in threes.
The Lily family formerly was a paraphyletic "catch-all" group that included a great number of genera that are now included in other families, and some in other orders, such as Agavaceae, Alliaceae, Anthericaceae s.s., Asphodelaceae, Convallariaceae , Hyacinthaceae, Melanthiaceae, Nartheciaceae, Smilacaceae , Tecophilaeaceae , Themidaceae, Tofieldiaceae , Trilliaceae and Uvulariaceae . The family Smilacaceae was formerly included in the Liliaceae but now is segregated on several bases. Family Melanthiaceae (Trilliaceae is possibly within the Melanthiaceae) is also now segregated by most taxonomists. Many other genera, such as Asparagus, formerly classified in family Liliaceae are now widely thought to belong to families in order Asparagales.
Genus Calochortus, which includes the Sego and Mariposa lilies, and its allied genera are separated into a separate family, Calochortaceae , in some schemes, while others maintain them as a subfamily of Liliaceae, the Calochortoideae.
Naked or Resurrection Lily (Lycoris squamigera)
The lily flower is used in heraldry. See: Fleur-de-lis.
Genera
The list below includes genera that have historically been classified in family Liliaceae. Monocot classification has undergone considerable revision in recent years, and some newer systems, including the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group's APG 2 classification system, have assigned many of these genera to different families based on genetic relationships. The APG 2 families are listed in brackets.
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- Ismene
- Jaimehintonia
- Johnsonia
- Kniphofia (Asphodelaceae)
- Laxmannia (Laxmanniaceae )
- Lepidopharynx
- Leucocrinum
- Leucojum Snowflakes (Amaryllidaceae)
- Lilium - Lily (Liliaceae)
- Liriope (plant), Lilyturf (Ruscaceae)
- Melanthium (Melanthiaceae)
- Metanarthecium
- Miersia
- Milla (Themidaceae)
- Molineria
- Muilla (Alliaceae)
- Narcissus, Jonquil, daffodil (Amaryllidaceae)
- Narthecium (now in family Nartheciaceae)
- Nietneria
- Nomocharis (Liliaceae)
- Nothoscordum (Alliaceae)
- Odontostomum
- Ophiopogon (Ruscaceae)
- Ornithogalum, (now in Hyacinthaceae)
- Paris (Hyacinthaceae)
- Peliosanthes
- Phaedranassa
- Phalangium
- Polygonatum, Solomon's seal (Ruscaceae)
- Prosartes
- Quamasia
- Roulinia
- Salomonia
- Schoenocaulon
- Scilla (now in Hyacinthaceae)
- Scoliopus (Liliaceae)
- Selonia
- Smilacina , False Solomon's seal
- Stenanthium
- Streptopus (Liliaceae)
- Stropholirion
- Theropogon
- Tofieldia
- Tovaria
- Toxicoscordion
- Tracyanthus
- Tricyrtis (Liliaceae)
- Trillium, Trillium (Melanthiaceae)
- Triteleia, (Themidaceae)
- Tulbaghia , Society garlic (Alliaceae)
- Tulipa, Tulip (Liliaceae)
- Tupistra
- Unifolium
- Urceolina
- Vagnera
- Veratrum
- Wurmbea
- Xerophyllum
- Zephyranthes
- Zigadenus (Melanthiaceae)
- Zygadenus
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Reference
- Dahlgren, R.M.T., H.T. Clifford, and P.F. Yeo. 1985. The Families of Monocotyledons. - Springer-Verlag. Berlin, Germany.
- Chase, M.W., M.R. Duvall, H.G. Hills, J.G. Conran, A.V. Cox, L.E. Eguiarte, J. Hartwell, M.F. Fay, L.R.Caddick, K.M. Cameron, and S. Hoot. 1995.- Molecular phylogenetics of Lilianae; in Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution.
- Kelch, D.G. 2000. What happened to the lily family? Pacific Horticulture 61:76-79.