Methyl formate, also called methyl methanoate, is the methyl ester of formic acid. It is a clear liquid with an ethereal odor, high vapor pressure and low surface tension.
Production
In the laboratory, methyl formate can be produced by the condensation reaction of methanol and formic acid, as follows:
- HCOOH + CH3OH → HCOOCH3 + H2O
Industrial methyl formate, however, is usually produced by the combination of methanol and carbon monoxide in the presence of a strong base:
- CH3OH + CO → HCOOCH3
Uses
Methyl formate is used primarily to manufacture formamide, dimethylformamide, and [[formic acid]. Because of its high vapor pressure, it dries very quickly and thus is used for quick-drying finishes. It is also used as an insecticide and to manufacture certain pharmaceuticals.
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