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Physostigmine
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1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydro-1,3a,
8-trimethyl-, methylcarbamate (ester),
(3aS,8aR)-pyrrolo(2,3-b)indol-5-ol
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CAS number
57-47-6
| ATC code
S01EB05, V03AB19
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| Chemical formula
| CH21N3O2
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| Molecular weight
| 275.35
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| Bioavailability
| ?
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| Metabolism
| ?
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| Elimination half-life
| ?
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| Excretion
| ?
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| Pregnancy category
| ?
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| Legal status
| ?
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| Routes of administration
| ?
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Physostigmine is a parasympathomimetic, specifically, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor obtained from the Calabar bean . By interfering with the metabolism of acetylcholine, physostigmine indirectly stimulates both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors.
Clinical Uses
Physostigmine is used to treat glaucoma. Because it crosses the blood-brain barrier, it is also used to treat the central nervous system effects of atropine overdose.
Physostigmine is available in the U.S. under the trade names Antilirium, Eserine Salicylate, Isopto Eserine, and Eserine Sulfate.
Sources
- Brenner, G. M. (2000). Pharmacology. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company. ISBN 0-7216-7757-6
- Canadian Pharmacists Association (2000). Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties (25th ed.). Toronto, ON: Webcom. ISBN 0-919115-76-4