Policy analysis is the systematic evaluatation of rules and practice. It is frequently deployed in the public sector but is equally applicable to other kinds of organizations.
Technically it refers only to the analysis of existing policy, but it is commonly accompanied by research into superior alternate policies. One common methodology is to define the problem and evaluation criteria; identify all alternatives; evaluate them; and recommend the best policy option.
Policy analysis is similar to program evaluation in trying to determine whether something "works", but policy analysis looks at policy rather than programs. Policy analysts can come from many backgrounds including sociology, psychology, economics, political science, public policy, and public administration.
See also