Renin, also known as angiotensinogenase, is a circulating enzyme (EC 3.4.23.15) released mainly by the kidneys in response to low blood volume or low body NaCl content.
Renin activates the renin-angiotensin system by cleaving angiotensinogen, in the liver to produce angiotensin I, which is further converted into angiotensin II in specialized lung capillaries, which ultimately constricts blood vessels, increases ADH and aldosterone production, and stimulates the hypothalamus to activate the thirst reflex, leading to increased blood pressure.
Renin is 340 amino acids large and weighs 37 KD. The gene for renin is located on the first chromosome (1q32).
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